What Is Swimmer’s Ear And How You Can Avoid It

What Is Swimmer’s Ear And How You Can Avoid It - Swimmer’s ear is an infection in the outer ear canal, which runs from your eardrum to the outside of your head.

It’s often brought on by water that remains in your ear after swimming, creating a moist environment that aids bacterial growth.

Putting fingers, cotton swabs or other objects in your ears also can lead to swimmer’s ear by damaging the thin layer of skin lining your ear canal.

Swimmer’s ear is also known as otitis externa. The most common cause of this infection is bacteria invading the skin inside your ear canal.

Usually you can treat swimmer’s ear with ear drops. Prompt treatment can help prevent complications and more serious infections.

Keep your ears dry

Dry your ears thoroughly after exposure to moisture from swimming or bathing. Dry only your outer ear, wiping it slowly and gently with a soft towel or cloth.

Tip your head to the side to help water drain from your ear canal. You can dry your ears with a blow dryer if you put it on the lowest setting and hold it at least 0.3 meters (about a foot) away from the ear.

At-home preventive treatment

If you know you don’t have a punctured eardrum, you can use homemade preventive ear drops before and after swimming.

A mixture of one part white vinegar to one part rubbing alcohol may help promote drying and prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi that can cause swimmer’s ear.

Pour one teaspoon (about 5ml) of the solution into each ear and let it drain back out. Similar over-the-counter solutions may be available at your drugstore.

Swim wisely

Watch for signs alerting swimmers to high bacterial counts and don’t swim on those days.

Avoid putting foreign objects in your ear

Never attempt to scratch an itch or dig out earwax with items such as a cotton swab, paper clip or hairpin.

Using these items can pack material deeper into your ear canal, irritate the thin skin inside your ear or break the skin.

Protect your ears from irritants

Put cotton balls in your ears while applying products such as hair sprays and hair dyes.

Use caution after an ear infection or surgery

If you’ve recently had an ear infection or ear surgery, talk to your doctor before you go swimming.

Swimmer’s ear symptoms are usually mild at first, but they may get worse if your infection isn’t treated or spreads.

Doctors often classify swimmer’s ear according to mild, moderate and advanced stages of progression.

Mild signs and symptoms

Itching in your ear canal; slight redness inside your ear; mild discomfort that’s made worse by pulling on your outer ear (pinna, or auricle) or pushing on the little “bump” (tragus) in front of your ear; some drainage of clear, odourless fluid.

Moderate progression

More intense itching; increasing pain; more extensive redness in your ear; excessive fluid drainage; discharge of pus; feeling of fullness inside your ear and partial blockage of your ear canal by swelling, fluid and debris; decreased or muffled hearing.

Advanced progression

Severe pain that may radiate to your face, neck or side of your head; complete blockage of your ear canal; redness or swelling of your outer ear; swelling in the lymph nodes in your neck; fever.

Contact your doctor if you’re experiencing any signs or symptoms of swimmer’s ear, even if they’re mild. Visit the emergency room if you have severe pain or fever.